Evaluation of Operation Main Outfall Drain Balance Basins in Dhi Qar and Basra governorates Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Keywords:
Main Out Fall Drain, balancing basins, Haddadine Lake, remote sensing, Water Surface MonitoringAbstract
First, second balance basins and Al- Haddadin basin are considered within a basic design of Main Outfall Drain (MOD) in the provinces of Dhi Qar and Basra. It is a low-lying natural land surrounded by earthen dyke. The purpose of their construction is to contain excess water resulting from the tide in the Shatt al-Basra or to absorb water waves coming MOD pumping station in Nasiriyah in the event that the gates of the Shatt al-Basra regulator are closed until the gates of the regulator are opened in the event of a low tide. The first balancing basin (according to the modern numbering of MOD) extends from (20-36) km and the second from (52-60) km within the borders of Basra Governorate and Al-Haddadin Basin from (128-104) km within the borders of Dhi Qar Governorate. As a rustle to importance of these basins and the difficulty of reaching them to calculate their storage and water level and the lack of studies related to them, this study was to shed light on these basins and to show their operating hydraulics and monthly evapotranspiration rates in addition to deriving equations for knowing the flooding area, storage volume and level in them during their operation using remote sensing models. Mathematical relationships were established between Surface water extent and water level, surface water extent and storage volume. The equations exhibited excellent performance, with coefficients of determination (R²) ranging from 0.998 to 1.000. Specifically, R² values of 0.999 and 0.998 were obtained for the combined first and second balancing basins, while an R² value of 1.000 was achieved for Lake Al-Haddadin.
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